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Capital Tax Distortions in the Petroleum Industry

Robert Crum Fry, Jr.

Year: 1985
Volume: Volume 6
Number: Special Issue
DOI: 10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol6-NoSI-13
No Abstract



Environmental Externalities, Market Distortions and the Economics of Renewable Energy Technologies

Anthony D. Owen

Year: 2004
Volume: Volume 25
Number: Number 3
DOI: 10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol25-No3-7
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Abstract:
This paper reviews life cycle analyses of alternative energy technologies in terms of both their private and societal costs (that is, inclusive of externalities and net of taxes and subsidies). The economic viability of renewable energy technologies is shown to be heavily dependent upon the removal of market distortions. In other words, the removal of subsidies to fossil fuel-based technologies and the appropriate pricing of these fuels to reflect the environmental damage (local, regional, and global) created by their combustion are essential policy strategies for stimulating the development of renewable energy technologies in the stationary power sector. Policy options designed to internalize these externalities are briefly addressed.



Impact of Energy Market Distortions on the Productivity of Energy Enterprises in China

Weijian Du, Mengjie Li, Ke Li, and Jiang Lin

Year: 2021
Volume: Volume 42
Number: Number 4
DOI: 10.5547/01956574.42.4.wdu
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Abstract:
China aims to enhance its total factor productivity (TFP) to achieve sustainable development. However, the looming energy market reform and its accompanying energy distortions prevent the realization of this ambitious goal. This study first establishes a theoretical model to reveal the inhibitory effects of energy market distortions on the TFP of energy enterprises, and we examine this issue using the micro-data of Chinese energy enterprises. The empirical results indicate that relative distortions among energy enterprises and overall distortions in different regions significantly inhibit the promotion of energy enterprises TFP, but the marginal inhibitory effects are diminishing. Energy market distortions also inhibit enterprises' entry and accelerate enterprises' exit from the energy market. Thus, eliminating inappropriate interventions in micro-energy enterprises, establishing a unified national energy market, and improving the competitive environment of energy companies are of great theoretical and policy importance.



Efficient Renewable Electricity Support: Designing an Incentive-compatible Support Scheme

David Newbery

Year: 2023
Volume: Volume 44
Number: Number 3
DOI: 10.5547/01956574.44.3.dnew
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Abstract:
Most existing renewables support schemes distort location and dispatch decisions. Many impose unnecessary risk on developers, increasing support costs. Efficient policy sets the right carbon price, supports capacity not output, ensures efficient dispatch and location. The EU bans priority dispatch and requires market-based bidding, but does not address the underlying problem that payment is conditional on generation, amplifying incentives to locate in windy/sunny sites. This article identifies the various distortions and proposes an auctioned contract to address location and dispatch distortions: a financial Contract for Difference (CfD) with hourly contracted volume proportional to local renewable output/MW, with a life specified in MWh/MW, with long-term transmission contracts based on predicted output-weighted actual or simulated nodal prices. This yardstick CfD delivers efficient dispatch. It assures but limits the total subsidy. It does not over-pay for windy/sunny sites. The revenue assurance allows high debt:equity, dramatically lowering the subsidy cost.





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