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Trade Liberalization, Transportation, and the Environment

Abstract:
This paper is an empirical study of the consequences of European trade liberalization for international transport demand and its environmental impact. The European market is broken into nine trading blocks, and trade flow equations for 29 industries are estimated for the period 1975-1985. A simulation of the change in volumes of trade byindustry and the distances trade goods must move generates an estimate of the increased transport demand in each industry. Data on the modal composition of transportation in each industry then allow an aggregation of demand across industries by transport mode-truck, train, sea, and inland waterway.The study concludes that the greatest increases will be in the demand for international transportation by sea, but that in terms of land-based transportation, there will be a large relative shift from rail to road. This will have a major adverse environmental impact which is discussed in the paper.

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Energy Specializations: Energy and the Environment – Other

JEL Codes: Q53: Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling, Q54: Climate; Natural Disasters and Their Management; Global Warming, F18: Trade and Environment, Q41: Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices

Keywords: Trade liberalization, Transportation, Environmental policy, Europe

DOI: 10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol13-No3-10

Published in Volume 13, Number 3 of the bi-monthly journal of the IAEE's Energy Economics Education Foundation.

 

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