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Fossil Fuel Price Shocks and CO2 Emissions: The Case of Spain

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Abstract:
This paper focuses on the impact of oil, natural gas and coal price shocks on the Spanish business cycle from 1969 to 2013. It uses Bayesian procedures to estimate a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model for a small open economy. The paper shows that natural gas and coal shocks are relevant sources of macroeconomic disruption in addition to oil price shocks. The three fossil fuel prices have an impact on the economic activity and explain the evolution of the energy mix. However, we find that oil price shocks have a significantly larger impact on economic volatility. Finally, we assess the impact of hydrocarbon price shocks on carbon emissions given that different price shocks result in a different fossil fuel mix and, thus, in different CO2 emissions.

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Energy Specializations: Petroleum – Markets and Prices for Crude Oil and Products; Natural Gas – Markets and Prices; Coal – Markets and Prices; Energy and the Environment – Climate Change and Greenhouse Gases; Energy Modeling – Sectoral Energy Demand & Technology

JEL Codes: Q43: Energy and the Macroeconomy, Q40: Energy: General, Q35: Hydrocarbon Resources, Q31: Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Prices

Keywords: Energy prices, Fossil fuels, DSGE models, Bayesian estimation, Small open economy, CO2 emissions

DOI: 10.5547/01956574.38.6.jmar

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Published in Volume 38, Number 6 of the bi-monthly journal of the IAEE's Energy Economics Education Foundation.

 

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